Public Spending Decisions Growth and Restraint in the 1970s | Economics

Explore the fascinating intersection of science, philosophy, and the supernatural in "Science in an Enchanted World: Philosophy and Witchcraft in the Work of Joseph Glanvill," available now from Routledge. This insightful historical study delves into one of the most influential texts of the seventeenth century, Joseph Glanvill’s Saducismus triumphatus, a work that ignited fierce debate about the reality of witchcraft and the demonic. At Routledge, we bring you authoritative scholarship that bridges past and present. This book untangles the complex evolution of Glanvill’s arguments, revealing how his roles as theologian, philosopher, and champion of the Royal Society of London converged in his defense of witchcraft’s existence. Discover how Glanvill’s unique approach to the supernatural serves as a compelling case study for understanding the relationship between the rise of experimental science and evolving beliefs in magic and witchcraft. Ideal for students, historians, and anyone intrigued by the history of ideas, this volume sheds new light on a pivotal moment when modern science began to take shape amid enchanted worldviews. Visit Routledge.com to add this essential title to your collection and enjoy access to leading research in history and philosophy. Trust Routledge for books that challenge, inform, and inspire—backed by our commitment to quality academic publishing.

Rediscover the power of instrumentalism with Routledge’s latest philosophical offering, "The Instrument of Science: Scientific Anti-Realism Revitalised." In this groundbreaking work, author Darrell P. Rowbottom breathes new life into a historically overlooked perspective, presenting cognitive instrumentalism as a sophisticated and resilient framework for understanding scientific progress. Unlike earlier forms of instrumentalism, which faced significant criticism, this revitalized approach centers on three compelling theses. Science achieves theoretical progress primarily by enhancing predictive power and deepening our understanding of observable phenomena. When scientific discourse refers to unobservable entities, it should be interpreted literally only when connected to observable properties or analogies. Moreover, claims about the unobservable are unlikely to be approximately true or to evolve toward greater truthlikeness. Rowbottom grounds his arguments in rich historical context, drawing from developments in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century chemistry and physics, with a special focus on atomic theory. Through these examples, he illustrates how cognitive instrumentalism aligns with real scientific practice, offering a coherent alternative to dominant realist views. A key insight of the book is the concept of empirical understanding—a form of comprehension achievable without relying on true or approximately true representations of unobservable realities. Rowbottom also clarifies the observable-unobservable distinction and thoughtfully contrasts cognitive instrumentalism with contemporary positions such as structural realism, constructive empiricism, and semirealism. Ideal for scholars, students, and anyone engaged in the realism debate within philosophy of science, this book provides a robust, accessible, and persuasive defense of instrumentalism. Explore this essential contribution to modern philosophical discourse at Routledge.com, your trusted source for academic excellence and pioneering thought.

Discover how human factors and ergonomics can drive meaningful change in our world with Routledge’s essential new title, Human Factors for Sustainability: Theoretical Perspectives and Global Applications. This groundbreaking book tackles one of the most pressing questions of our time: how can HFE principles be applied to foster sustainable development on a global scale? Aligning closely with current political and research agendas, this volume brings together a decade of empirical and theoretical advancements in the field. It offers a systematic exploration of key concepts, underlying philosophies, and real-world applications, making it an indispensable resource for professionals, researchers, and students in ergonomics and industrial engineering. Inside, you’ll find a rich collection of global case studies that illustrate how human-centered design and ergonomic strategies contribute to environmental, social, and economic sustainability. Each chapter provides actionable insights and evidence-based approaches to help you implement sustainable practices in diverse settings. Whether you're involved in policy-making, industrial design, academic research, or organizational management, this book equips you with the knowledge to make a tangible impact. Visit Routledge.com today to explore our extensive collection of engineering and sustainability titles. Invest in your professional development with Routledge—your trusted partner for authoritative, research-driven content that inspires progress and positive change.

Discover the transformative power of self-acceptance with "Finding Love in the Looking Glass: A Book of Counselling Case Stories" from Routledge. This compelling collection of real-life narratives reveals how individuals can rewrite their life stories through therapeutic support. Each case study illustrates the profound shifts that occur when people embrace their authentic selves and set achievable personal goals. Through these intimate counseling journeys, readers witness how professional guidance helps individuals break free from limiting patterns. The book demonstrates how the therapeutic relationship creates a safe space for exploration and growth. These stories showcase the remarkable resilience of the human spirit when given proper support. Mental health professionals, students, and anyone interested in personal development will find invaluable insights within these pages. The case stories provide practical examples of how counseling facilitates meaningful life changes. Readers gain understanding of therapeutic processes while seeing real-world applications of mental health principles. Available now at Routledge.com, this book serves as both inspiration and education for those navigating their own paths to self-discovery. Whether you're a counseling professional seeking new perspectives or someone on a personal growth journey, these stories offer hope and practical wisdom. Visit our website to explore this and other valuable resources in mental health literature. Trust Routledge to deliver quality publications that make a difference in understanding human psychology and therapeutic practices.

Discover the intricate world of modern vocal music with Routledge’s essential guide, "Twentieth- and Twenty-First-Century Song Cycles: Analytical Pathways Toward Performance." This insightful volume offers detailed analyses of fourteen significant song cycles from the past century and beyond, providing performers, scholars, and students with practical tools to interpret and perform these complex works with confidence. Explore celebrated cycles by masters like Schoenberg, Britten, Poulenc, and Shostakovich, alongside compelling works by Van Wyk, Sviridov, Wheeler, and Sánchez. Each chapter illuminates the unique interplay between music and poetry, helping you uncover the structural and expressive layers that define contemporary art song. Our contributors draw from music theory, history, and performance practice to guide you through musical architecture, textual choices, narrative expression, and cultural context. Whether you are preparing for a recital, writing a thesis, or deepening your appreciation for the genre, this book bridges analysis and artistry. Visit Routledge.com to explore our extensive music catalog and enrich your library with authoritative resources trusted by educators and performers worldwide. Elevate your understanding and performance of song cycles with this indispensable volume from Routledge.

Discover the definitive edition of John Dryden’s later poetic masterpieces with The Poems of John Dryden: Volume Four (1686–1696), available exclusively from Routledge. This volume captures a vital period in Dryden’s career, showcasing his celebrated translations from classical giants such as Juvenal, Persius, Ovid, and Homer. These works, many of which appeared in the landmark miscellany Examen Poeticum (1693), highlight Dryden’s linguistic brilliance and his profound influence on English literature. Routledge is proud to present this meticulously researched edition, which incorporates the latest scholarly findings to offer unparalleled clarity and context. Whether you are a student, academic, or poetry enthusiast, this volume provides deep insights into Dryden’s craft and the vibrant literary culture of the Restoration era. With clear annotations and authoritative commentary, this edition makes Dryden’s complex verse accessible and engaging. It stands as an essential resource for anyone studying English poetry, literary translation, or the intellectual currents of the late 17th century. Explore this and other foundational works in literature at routledge.com. Elevate your library with Routledge’s trusted academic editions, designed to inform, inspire, and endure.

Explore the ever-changing landscape of post-Soviet territories with Routledge’s essential volume, "Post-Soviet Borders: A Kaleidoscope of Shifting Lives and Lands." Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, borders across the region have continuously evolved, creating new states, contested territories, and complex social and political realities. This book offers a deep and timely investigation into how these geopolitical transformations shape everyday life in borderlands from the Caucasus and Central Asia to Eastern Europe. Drawing on rich case studies and grounded in border studies theory, this work illuminates the dynamic interplay between political boundaries and human experience. It reveals how economic ties, cultural exchanges, and infrastructure developments adapt and persist, even as maps are redrawn. Each chapter presents a unique configuration of life along these frontiers, showing that while the elements of change are similar, their outcomes are strikingly diverse. Ideal for scholars and students, this volume serves as a comprehensive guide to understanding the ongoing process of rebordering thirty years after the Cold War. It is an indispensable resource for researchers in development studies, politics, geography, social anthropology, and regional studies focusing on Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and the Caucasus. Visit Routledge.com to add this insightful study to your collection and gain a nuanced perspective on one of the world’s most dynamic regions.

Elevate your clinical research impact with Journal Article Writing and Publication, the definitive guide for health professionals, educators, and researchers seeking to master today’s essential reporting standards. Authored by Dr. Sharon A. Gutman, a former editor of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy, this resource is the first of its kind to consolidate key clinical reporting guidelines in one accessible volume. In an era where evidence-based practice drives funding and professional credibility, your ability to produce transparent, high-quality research is non-negotiable. This guide empowers you to write manuscripts that clearly communicate study strengths and limitations, increasing acceptance rates and reader trust. Learn to format studies correctly—from intervention effectiveness and instrument development to case reports and statistical reporting. Dr. Gutman provides structured guidance on manuscript preparation, submission, revision, and professional communication with journal editors. Educators will find this text invaluable for teaching students to critically evaluate and contribute to health literature. Clinicians can transform everyday data into pilot studies, while doctoral students and new faculty will discover practical strategies for converting dissertations into published articles. Additional sections cover scholarly discussion pieces, editorials, and vital ethical considerations—including plagiarism, copyright, authorship, and conflict of interest. Trust Routledge to provide authoritative, practitioner-focused content that bridges education and real-world application. Visit Routledge.com to explore this essential resource and join a community committed to excellence in health care reporting. Equip yourself with the skills to contribute meaningfully to the field and ensure your research receives the recognition it deserves.

Discover the hidden dynamics of Japan's celebrated food education system in "Food Education and Rural Resilience in Japan: Nourishing National Identity," available at Routledge. While Japan's shokuiku law is often praised for contributing to the nation's remarkable health outcomes—including high life expectancy and low obesity rates—this book offers a deeper, more critical perspective. It challenges the common belief that food education is purely beneficial by uncovering the political and social agendas embedded within government-led initiatives. Through detailed analysis, the book reveals how food diagrams, fairs, and school lunch programs are used to reinforce nationalism and traditional gender roles. It also examines how rural educators leverage food education to address pressing issues like depopulation and economic decline, emphasizing resilience and local self-sufficiency. Even in the wake of the 2011 Fukushima disaster, the focus on regional food systems remained strong, showcasing the adaptability and determination of these communities. Drawing on Foucault’s concept of governmentality, historical context, and extensive fieldwork, this Routledge publication provides a nuanced look at the complex forces shaping food education in a non-Western society. Ideal for scholars, students, and anyone interested in food policy, cultural studies, or Japanese society, this book invites you to rethink what you know about food, education, and national identity. Visit Routledge.com to explore this insightful study and enrich your understanding of global food systems.

Discover the enduring relevance of Marshall McLuhan’s groundbreaking ideas with McLuhan's Global Village Today: Transatlantic Perspectives. This thought-provoking collection brings together insightful essays that explore McLuhan’s media theories from both sides of the Atlantic, offering a balanced and contemporary examination of his work. As one of the most influential media theorists of the twentieth century, McLuhan’s concepts continue to shape our understanding of digital communication and global connectivity. This volume bridges theoretical discussions with practical case studies, making complex ideas accessible and applicable to today’s media landscape. Whether you're a student, scholar, or media professional, you'll appreciate how this book connects McLuhan’s visionary concepts to modern digital culture. Each chapter provides fresh perspectives on how his theories manifest in our interconnected world, from social media networks to global communication systems. Routledge is proud to offer this essential resource for anyone studying media theory, communication, or cultural studies. Visit Routledge.com to explore our extensive collection of academic titles and discover why we’re a trusted source for scholarly publications worldwide. Gain deeper insights into media’s role in shaping society and understand why McLuhan’s work remains more relevant than ever. Add this valuable volume to your library today and join the ongoing conversation about media, technology, and global connectivity.

Unlock the hidden potential of your therapeutic practice with "Intuition in Psychotherapy: From Research to Practice," available now from Routledge. This groundbreaking book offers an in-depth exploration of clinical intuition, blending qualitative research and firsthand interviews to show how intuitive awareness can transform your diagnostic and treatment outcomes. Whether you're a trainee or an experienced psychotherapist, this text provides a clear framework for cultivating intuitive skills that enrich your clinical work. Delve into chapters that situate intuition within contemporary psychotherapy, offering practical insights into how different forms of intuition can be intentionally integrated into your sessions. Learn to recognize common intuitive processes and develop a therapeutic style that feels uniquely your own. This book doesn't just describe intuition—it guides you in harnessing it to foster deeper client connections and more effective interventions. Routledge is proud to offer this essential resource, designed to support mental health professionals in elevating their practice. As intuition gains recognition in psychotherapy, this volume stands as a vital reference for years to come. Visit Routledge.com to explore our extensive collection of mental health titles and discover tools that empower both your professional growth and your clients' wellbeing. Invest in your development with Routledge, where quality resources meet clinical excellence.

Discover the fascinating intersection of art, politics, and history with Roman Antiquities in Renaissance France 1515–65. This groundbreaking study from Routledge offers a fresh perspective on the French Renaissance obsession with classical artifacts. Drawing from firsthand sources and original research, the book explores how Roman antiquities were collected, displayed, and used for cultural and political purposes during this vibrant period. You will journey through the activities of influential collectors and patrons who shaped France’s artistic landscape. The book examines royal entries, artistic depictions, and even contemporary critiques of the antique craze. It brings together diverse fields of study into a single, cohesive narrative, making complex historical connections accessible and engaging. Learn about the crucial role played by French ambassadors in Rome, who sourced and sent antiques back to the court. A key focus is Jean Du Bellay, a major historical figure who conducted excavations and amassed a significant personal collection. His acquisitions were housed in a new villa built within the ancient Baths of Diocletian, blending Renaissance innovation with Roman grandeur. This volume also features a valuable appendix with transcribed catalogues of Cardinal Jean du Bellay’s collections. These documents provide rare insight into the scope and significance of Renaissance antiquarianism. For scholars, students, and enthusiasts of classics and art history, this book is an essential resource. Visit Routledge.com to explore this and other titles in our Classics collection. Enhance your library with authoritative research presented in a compelling, readable format. Routledge is committed to publishing works that illuminate the past and inspire future discovery.

Unlock the power of causal inference with Monoprice’s essential guide, "Causal Inference in Pharmaceutical Statistics." This foundational book introduces key concepts and methods for determining cause-and-effect relationships in pharmaceutical research, making it an indispensable resource for professionals and students alike. Whether you're working in clinical trials, real-world evidence studies, or longitudinal research, this book equips you with the tools to navigate complex statistical challenges. Designed specifically for clinical statisticians and epidemiologists in the pharmaceutical industry, the book aligns with FDA and ICH guidance documents to ensure regulatory compliance. It walks you through every stage of clinical studies—from planning and design to analysis and interpretation—so you can confidently apply causal thinking across diverse study types. Graduate students in statistics, biostatistics, and data science will find this book a practical stepping stone toward a successful pharmaceutical career. It covers everything from randomized controlled trials to single-arm studies with external controls, offering a clear roadmap for conducting reliable causal inference. Visit Monoprice.com today to add this vital resource to your professional library and elevate your impact in pharmaceutical statistics.

Explore the profound transformation of labor and identity in nineteenth-century Britain with Routledge's "Work and Unemployment 1834–1911." This essential volume delves into the ideals and realities of work during a period of rapid industrialization, offering a rich collection of primary sources that illuminate how labor shaped personal dignity, social standing, and daily life. Discover how work became intertwined with respectability and how shifting economic forces challenged traditional roles for men and women. The sources reveal the tensions faced by working-class men as industrial changes reshaped their livelihoods and identities. At the same time, examine the pressures on women navigating the growing expectation of a domestic ideal while contributing to household economies. Each document is supported by insightful editorial commentary, providing historical context and analysis to deepen your understanding. This collection is an invaluable resource for students and scholars of British history, social history, and labor studies. It offers a nuanced perspective on the human experience of work and joblessness during a pivotal era. Routledge is proud to provide authoritative academic resources that support rigorous study and research. Visit Routledge.com to explore our extensive catalog of history titles and enrich your learning with trusted scholarly content.

Explore the intricate dynamics of French political life with "Parties and Democracy in France: Parties Under Presidentialism." This essential volume, originally published in 2000, offers a deep dive into how the French Presidency has reshaped political parties and party systems in the Fifth Republic. It examines the dual role of the Presidency as both a unifying force for coalition-building and a source of political rivalry. Gain valuable insights into the successes and failures of the contemporary French party system, drawing on longstanding traditions that continue to influence modern governance. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of how parties interact with presidential power, making it an indispensable resource for students and scholars of French studies, political parties, and comparative politics. Written in an accessible and engaging style, it bridges academic rigor with real-world relevance. Whether you're researching political institutions or exploring European democracy, this Routledge title delivers authoritative content you can trust. Visit Routledge.com to discover more essential political science titles and expand your academic library with trusted publications designed to support your studies and research.

With Alzheimer's disease projected to affect 139 million people by 2050, the need for effective therapeutic strategies has never been more urgent. Traditional pharmaceuticals often provide only symptomatic relief, leaving a critical gap in treatments that can alter the disease’s progression. Routledge presents the Neuro-Nutraceuticals and Drug Discovery and Delivery in Alzheimer’s Disease 2-volume set, a groundbreaking resource that explores nature’s potential in combating this neurodegenerative disorder. Volume 1: Targeting Key Pathological Pathways begins by examining the biochemical, molecular, and genetic foundations of Alzheimer’s. It covers essential topics such as pathophysiology, the gut-brain axis, and drug-induced Alzheimer’s, offering a solid scientific groundwork. The volume then shifts focus to the promising role of nutraceuticals, including medicinal plants, Medhya Rasayana from Ayurvedic tradition, nootropics, and dietary components that support cognitive health. Volume 2: Strategies to Unlock the Brain’s Fortress delves into advanced approaches for Alzheimer’s management. It highlights natural antioxidants, steroidal phytopharmaceuticals, terpenes, and vitamin D, among other neuroprotective agents. The book also addresses innovative delivery systems, such as nanotechnology, that enhance the efficacy of these natural compounds. Together, these volumes provide a comprehensive overview of current research while paving the way for future innovations. Ideal for researchers, clinicians, and advanced students, this set from Routledge offers actionable insights and evidence-based knowledge to support the global fight against dementia. Visit routledge.com to explore this essential collection and join the effort to advance Alzheimer’s care through science and nature.

Discover the groundbreaking exploration of creativity and technology with AI for Arts from Bare Necessities. This compelling book dives deep into the evolving relationship between humanity and artificial intelligence, focusing on one of our most cherished domains: art. As AI continues to reshape our world, many wonder what remains uniquely human when machines can create, inspire, and even surpass us in artistic expression. AI for Arts tackles this urgent and fascinating question head-on. It presents the unfolding conundrum of man versus machine through the lens of art, bringing philosophical and aesthetic debates to a compelling apex. This is not just a theoretical discussion; it’s a timely manifesto that addresses a critical gap in today’s discourse. Readers will gain insights into how AI is transforming creativity and what that means for our future. Perfect for artists, technologists, and curious minds alike, this book offers a thought-provoking look at the implications of AI in the arts. Whether you're involved in computer science, digital media, or simply intrigued by the intersection of innovation and expression, AI for Arts provides valuable perspectives. It’s an essential read for anyone preparing for a world where artificial intelligence and human creativity coexist and collide. Explore this must-have title today at Bare Necessities and join the conversation that is shaping the future of art and intelligence. Visit barenecessities.com to order your copy and delve into a subject that is as timely as it is timeless.

Discover the pulse of India's democracy with "Politics and Society between Elections: Public Opinion in India’s States," available now from Routledge. While elections capture headlines, governance unfolds every day. This groundbreaking book offers a deep dive into the attitudes and experiences of citizens across 24 Indian states, including Delhi, providing a real-time barometer of public sentiment between electoral cycles. Explore how social relationships, political trust, and daily governance shape life in one of the world’s largest democracies. The book investigates friendship across social groups, evolving gender roles, and public service accessibility. It sheds light on how citizens perceive their government’s performance when the spotlight of elections has faded. Readers will gain insight into nationalism, freedom of expression, populism, and identity politics as experienced by ordinary Indians. The study connects routine governance—from public service delivery to maintaining order—with citizen satisfaction and institutional trust. It answers critical questions about how people view the state in their everyday lives. An essential resource for students and scholars of political science, governance, and South Asian studies, this volume is equally valuable for policymakers, bureaucrats, and development organizations. A portion of this book is available as a free Open Access PDF, supporting wider educational access. Visit Routledge.com to order your copy and deepen your understanding of India’s political and social landscape.

Explore the future of intelligent systems with the proceedings from the International Conference on Hybrid and Advanced Technologies (ICHAT 2024), now available from Routledge. This essential volume brings together pioneering research in machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence, offering actionable insights for real-world applications in cybersecurity, healthcare, agriculture, and communication. Discover how data science is revolutionizing traditional practices, boosting efficiency, and solving complex global challenges. Inside, you’ll find innovative neural-network models designed to predict tractor fuel consumption, optimize smart irrigation, and automate greenhouse operations for higher agricultural yields. The book also presents IoT-based monitoring systems for asthma patients and machine learning techniques for early detection of diabetes, cancer, and aquatic plant diseases. Gain valuable knowledge from practical examples and comparative studies that showcase advancements in palm vein authentication, fake news detection, data security, and e-commerce customer segmentation. These findings are vital for tackling pressing global issues and deepening your understanding of AI’s role in image processing, medical diagnostics, and cybersecurity. Ideal for researchers, data scientists, and professionals in AI, machine learning, and cybersecurity, this collection also speaks to healthcare experts, agricultural scientists, and tech enthusiasts. Use it to foster global collaboration, explore emerging challenges, and implement cutting-edge technologies that streamline workflows and drive innovation. Visit Routledge.com to secure your copy and stay ahead in a rapidly evolving technological landscape.

Discover a groundbreaking exploration of gender, knowledge, and power in African Philosophy and the Epistemic Marginalization of Women, available now from Routledge. This vital volume confronts the systematic exclusion of women’s voices and perspectives within African intellectual traditions and academic discourse. Across sub-Saharan Africa, women’s experiences and insights remain overlooked by policymakers, institutions, and scholarly communities. This book investigates how traditional patriarchal worldviews continue to shape philosophical thought, often reinforcing gender inequality by sidelining feminine ways of knowing. Contributors to this collection offer both theoretical analysis and practical solutions, examining how African philosophy can either perpetuate or help dismantle this marginalization. Philosophy, at its core, should guide us toward a more enlightened and equitable society. Why, then, has it struggled to address the critical issue of women’s epistemic rights in Africa? Moving beyond conventional feminist advocacy, this work elevates the conversation from basic rights campaigns to an epistemic revolution. It champions women’s rightful role in knowledge creation, validation, and dissemination—the ultimate frontier in the fight for gender justice. Ideal for students and scholars in African studies, gender studies, philosophy, and sociology, this book is an essential resource for anyone committed to inclusive scholarship. Routledge is proud to publish works that challenge, inspire, and transform academic discourse. Visit Routledge.com to explore our full collection of African Studies titles and add this pivotal text to your library today.

Explore the vibrant soundscape of Victorian Britain with this essential collection of primary sources, uncovering the dynamic relationship between music and national identity in the 19th century. Routledge presents a meticulously curated volume that delves into how music shaped and reflected British culture during a period of immense social and imperial change. This scholarly resource examines the reception of British compositions both at home and across the continent, offering fresh perspectives on musical exchange. Discover how English, Scottish, Welsh, and Irish musical traditions contributed to a complex national narrative. The collection further investigates music’s role within the British Empire, providing critical insights into cultural imperialism and colonial encounters. Expertly introduced by Rosemary Golding, each document is framed with insightful headnotes that contextualize the sources for modern readers. These original texts—including reviews, essays, and personal accounts—offer a direct window into 19th-century musical thought and criticism. Ideal for students and researchers in musicology, history, and cultural studies, this volume serves as an invaluable research tool and teaching aid. It supports academic inquiry with accessible, well-organized primary materials that encourage deeper analysis. Secure your copy from Routledge to enrich your understanding of Britain’s musical heritage. This collection not only supports scholarly work but also invites readers to engage directly with the historical conversations that defined an era. Visit routledge.com to add this critical resource to your library today.